sudo apt-get update

debin

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade 
или 
sudo apt-get full-upgrade

ubuntu / kde neon

sudo apt dist-upgrade 
или 
sudo apt full-upgrade

sudo update-kernel
sudo remove-old-kernels

sudo do-release-upgrade

sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoremove

epm

epm update && epm full-upgrade
epms kernel-headers